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A2 Pre-intermediate
A2 grammar contents
A2Present tenses

Present perfect: form and use

Use have/has + past participle to connect past actions and experiences to now, especially when the exact finished time is not important.

Overview

What this grammar does

Use have/has + past participle to connect past actions and experiences to now, especially when the exact finished time is not important.

Form and rules

How it works

1

Form the present perfect with have/has + past participle: I have finished; she has gone.

2

Use it for life experience when you do not say a finished past time: Have you ever been to Chile?

3

Use it for a recent action with a present result: I've lost my keys, so I can't open the door.

4

Use it with unfinished time periods such as today, this week or this year when that period is still continuing.

5

Common words include ever, never, just, already and yet. Remember that been usually means visited and returned, while gone often means the person is still away.

A closer look

Meaning and use

Use it with unfinished time periods such as today, this week or this year when that period is still continuing.

Common words include ever, never, just, already and yet. Remember that been usually means visited and returned, while gone often means the person is still away.

Examples

See the pattern in complete sentences

I've visited Argentina twice.

She's just arrived.

We haven't finished yet.

Have you ever tried sushi?

Leo has gone to the bank, so he isn't here now.

Common mistakes

What to avoid

She did just arrive home.
She has just arrived home.

Just commonly goes with the present perfect: has just arrived.

Did you ever been to Mexico?
Have you ever been to Mexico?

Life-experience questions use Have you ever + past participle.

Ready to practise?

The test combines multiple choice, gap completion, error correction, and sentence building so students have to recognise and produce the grammar, not simply reread the rule.